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Belajar Grammar || If Conditional Type 1 and 2 (Offline Version)


 If conditional

A. Pengertian
If conditional  atau kalimat pengandaian adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan pengadaian atau harapan. Dalam Bahasa Inggris, kalimat pengandaian menggunakan kata ‘if’. Di dalam Bahasa Indonesia, kata ‘if” bisa diterjemahkan menjadi kata ‘jika’.
Contoh: If you call me tonight, I will come.  (Jika kamu menelponku mala mini, aku akan datang).
If conditional terdiri dari 2 clauses (klausa) yaitu ‘if clause’ dan ‘result clause’ dari contoh di atas maka dapat kita ketahui if clause dan result clause sebagai berikut
If clause
Result clause
If you call me tonight
I will come

belajar grammar
adapted from dreamstime.com
Dalam Bahasa Inggris, if conditional dibagi menjadi 3 macam, yaitu:
1.    If conditional type 1
2.    If conditional type 2
3.    If conditional type 2
Dalam kesempatan ini, kita akan membahas if conditional type 1 and 2.

A.   If Conditional Type 1
If conditional type 1 digunakan untuk menyatakan pengandaian ataupun harapan yang masih mungkin terjadi. Biasanya, pengandaian ini mengacu pada peristiwa yang terjadi pada masa depan.
Contoh:
If I have a lot of money, I will buy a new car next month.
If my mom is angry tonight, I will sleep at my grandma’s house.
If Dina invites me to the party next Sunday, I will definitely come.
If I have a screwdriver, I can fix your bike.
I can fix your bike if I have a screwdriver

Dari contoh di atas dapat kita lihat bahwa structure if conditional type 1 adalah sebagai berikut
If clause
Result clause
Simple Present [ S + V1]
If I have a lot money
[S + will/can + V1]
I will buy a new car next month


B.   If Conditional Type 2

If conditional type 2 digunakan untuk menyatakan keinginan atau harapan yang sulit untuk terjadi. If conditional type 2 mengacu kepada kejadian saat ini. Ingat perbedaan antara if conditional type 1 and 2 adalah pada tingkat kemungkinan harapan itu terjadi. Jika if conditional type 1 menyatakan harapan yang masih mungkin terjadi maka if conditional type 2 menyatakan sebaliknya.
Perhatikan contoh berikut ini
1.    If I have enough money, I will buy a car next month.
Kalimat di atas adalah if conditional type 1. Kalimat di atas memiliki makna jika saya memiliki uang saya akan membeli mobil bulan depan. Apakah saya akan membeli mobil bulan depan? Jawabannya bisa iya (jika bulan depan saya punya uang cuku), bisa juga tidak (jika uang saya tidak cukup). Intinya, harapan/keinginan untuk membeli mobil masih mungkin terjadi.

2.    If I had enough money now, I would buy a car.
Kalimat di atas adalah contoh if conditional type 2. Kalimat ini bermakna jika saja saya punya cukup uang sekarang, saya akan membeli mobil. Faktanya? Saya tidak punya cukup uang, karenanya saya tidak bisa membeli mobil. Jadi harapan/ keinginan saya sangat kecil atau hampir tidak mungkin terjadi.

Contoh lain if conditional type 2
1.    If I had wings, I would fly
Fact: I don’t have wings, I will not fly
Catatan: Fakta dari if conditional type 2 di tulis dalam simple present/ simple future

2.    If I spoke Spanish, I could talk to your friend
Fact: I do not speak Spanish. I cannot talk to your friend.

3.    If my friend were here, I would be happy.
Fact: My friend is not here. I am not happy.
Catatan: Jika ingin menggunakan ‘to be’ pada if conditional type 2, maka gunakan ‘were’ untuk semua subjects. (I were, they were, we were, he were, she were, it were. You were)

4.    If you didn’t call me, I would never come.
Fact: You call me and I come.

Struktur kalimat if conditional type 2 adalah sebagai berikut

If clause
Result clause
Simple past (S + v2)

If I had wings
Would/could + v1

I would fly



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